KERALA PSC LIVESTOCK INSPECTOR GR.II/ POULTRY ASSISTANT/ MILK RECORDER/ STORE KEEPER/ ENUMERATOR - ANIMAL HUSBANDRY - NCA - FULL SYLLABUS & PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS
PART – I
Introduction to Animal Husbandry
Livestock statistics - Current population status of cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, pig, chicken, duck, turkey, quail. Contribution of livestock to Indian Economy .Current production status of livestock sector - Impact of livestock sector on Indian economy
Common terminologies of Animal Husbandry - Different terms associated with
the husbandry of cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, pig, chicken, duck, turkey and quail.
Farming systems - Farming systems (mixed, diversified, specialised, organic, integrated) and types of Dairy farming (family cow ,commercial ,corral, hightech). Advantages and disadvantages of rearing animals and birds .
Breeds of Livestock
Definition of breed , class, variety and strain. Comparison of Indian and exotic breeds of cattle Classification and comparison of breeds according to origin and utility .
Breeds of cattle - Origin, breed characteristics and salient features of Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Deoni, Hallikar, Kangayam, Amrit Mahal, Kankrej, Hariana, Tharparkar, Vechur, Kasaragod dwarf, Jersey, Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss Breeds of buffalo - Origin, breed characteristics and salient features of Murrah, Surti, Jaffarabadi ,Mehsana, Nili Ravi Breeds of goats and sheep - Origin, breed characteristics and salient features of
Malabari, Attapady black, Beetel, Jamunapari, barbari, Saanen, Alpine, Boer, Kashmiri, Marwari, merino etc.
Breeds of pigs - Origin, breed characteristics and salient features of large white Yorkshire, Landrace, Duroc, Berkshire, Hampshire Breeds of chicken - Origin, breed characteristics and salient features of White leghorn, Black Minorca, RIR, New Hampshire, Australorp, Plymouth rock, Cornish, Brahma, Cochin, Aseel, Kadaknath, Naked neck, Austro-white, Gramapriya, Athulya, Giriraja .Classification of fowls based on geographical
distribution with class characteristics (American,English,Mediterranean,Asiatic) Breeds of duck, turkey, quail - Origin, breed characteristics and salient features of Muscovy, White Pekin, Indian runner, Khakhi Campbell, Chara, Chemballi, Broad breasted bronze, Beltsville small white, Japanese quail, bobwhite quail
Identification of Animals and Age Determination of Cattle
Comparison of different methods of identification commonly used in animals. Commonly used methods of identification in animals and birds - Hot iron branding, Chemical branding, Freeze branding, Tattooing, Tagging, Ear notching, Wing/leg bands, wing badges for birds, Electronic chips/transponders .
Determination of age in cattle - Importance of age determination in cattle Dental formula in cattle (permanent and deciduous) - Age determination by looking at dentition - Age determination by looking horn rings
Restraining of Animals
Approaching the animal - Animal behaviour - Precautions while approaching the animal Restraining - Purpose of restraining . Method of Restraining of head and neck Method of Restraining of fore and hind limbs .Whole body restraining Precautions for casting - Reuff’s method of casting - Alternate method of casting .
Instruments used for controlling animals - Instruments used for controlling head and neck, limbs and whole body .
Anatomy and Physiology
Basics of anatomy and physiology of cattle, goat, pig, dog ,poultry- Definitions - Anatomical Peculiarities (bone, RBC, liver, kidney, spleen, stomach) Body parts of cattle - Different body parts (regions, body cavities, joints, bones). Normal physiological values of animals – Significance of normal physiological values - Normal range of values in cattle, buffalo, goat, pig, dog and chicken (temperature, pulse, respiration, age of puberty, rumen motility, gestation period, life span). Measuring the most important normal physiological values of cattle - Measuring Pulse - Recording Respiration Recording rectal temperature - Rumen motility - Different conditions in which the normal
values change. Structure and function of ruminant stomach - Structure of ruminant stomach Process of ruminant microbial digestion. Esophageal groove and its significance. Difference in digestion of ruminant and non ruminant stomach Structure and function of reproductive system of cattle - Detailed structure and function of bovine female and male reproductive System - Structure of bovine spermatozoa. Hormonal regulation of reproduction and oestrus cycle Hormonal interplay of female reproduction – Hormonal interplay of male reproduction - Sexual maturity and puberty - Estrus cycle and heat signs. Structure and function of mammary gland - Structure of udder - Mechanism of milk production - Hormonal role in lactation - Peak production and drying
up –methods of drying - Milking methods - Hand milking-Machine milking.
Rearing and Housing of Livestock
Establishment of livestock farm - Requirements for dairy and poultry farms Systems of rearing for cattle • Free range system • Intensive system • Semi Intensive system.
Systems of rearing for poultry • Free range system • Intensive system (deep litter and cage system) • .Backyard rearing of poultry. Semi-intensive system. Housing of cattle and poultry - Requirements and dimensions of a standard cattle shed and poultry house . Manure and waste disposal - Collection, storage and disposal of manure -Vermicomposting - Biogas plant
Husbandry of Goats
Advantages of goat rearing .Systems of rearing goats. Care and management of different age groups of goats - Housing requirements of goats - Feeding of goats - Care and management of kids - Care and management of does and bucks - Care and management of pregnant does - Care and management of lactating does.
Breeding and selection of dairy goats - Selection methods - Breeding methods. Diseases of goats - Bacterial, viral, metabolic diseases of goats and control measures (Tetanus, CCPP,Enterotoxaemia, PPR,Lactic acidosis)
Anatomy and physiology of poultry
Digestive system- mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver and pancreas, small intestine, caeca, cloaca Reproductive system - Male and female Respiratory system- syrinx, airsacs - Skin and feathers - types of feathers Egg formation - Physiology of egg formation
Effect of light on egg formation Moulting and bleaching - Definition - Relation with egg production
Breeding and Reproduction in Animals
Basic concepts in breeding - Genotype and phenotype Selection and breeding methods - Random selection, Individual selection, Family selection, Pedigree selection, Progeny testing, Inbreeding, Out-breeding, Methods of cross breeding,species hybridization,grading up Artificial insemination (A.I) in animals - Purpose , limitations of A.I - Semen
collection and examination - Semen extenders and preservation (metods of evaluation,types of preservation and diluents)–Insemination - Familiarization of equipment used for A.I - Heat detection - Technique of A.I in cattle (Recto vaginal
method) - Speculum method for small animals .
Pregnancy and parturition - Basic concepts of gestation period, fertilization and
placentation - Pregnancy diagnosis - Stages of parturition and signs of calving Difficult
calving (dystocia) - Involution of uterus, service period, inter-calving period, dry period.
Embryo transfer technology - Uses of embryo transfer technology - Method of embryo transfer Technology Infertility in cattle - Concepts of infertility and sterility - Causes of infertility Prevention of infertility
Care and Management of Cattle
Care and management of new born calves - Importance of colostrum feeding - Artificial respiration - Cutting of umbilical cord - Weaning - Feeding of calves - Dehorning - Deworming - Castration Effect of climate on animals - Homeostasis - Critical temperature - Summer management Herd replacement - Culling and replacement - Methods of culling and replacement
Principles of Feeding in cattle
Important nutrients required for animals – Water, Protein, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals – their function.Important concepts of feed formulation Proximate principles
like Digestible crude protein (D.C.P), metabolizable energy (M.E), total digestible nutrients
(T.D.N) etc. B.I.S specifications of feed - Feed mixing Different feed ingredients and preservation of fodder - Concentrate feed ingredients - Roughages - Unconventional feed stuff - Leguminous fodder (cow pea, subabul) - Cultivation details of different fodder grasses (Guinea, Napier, para, congo signal) - Preserved fodder (Silage, Hay, Straw) - Nutrient enrichment of straw - commercial feed for cattle (TMR feed, by pass protein feed) Thumb rules for feeding animals - Maintenance ration for each category of animals Production ration for lactating animal - Pregnancy ration - Ration for draught
animals
Health Care
Definition of health and disease - Signs of health . Natural defense mechanisms - Functions of different body parts in preventing disease .Routes of infection and classification of diseases - Different ways in which micro-organisms enter animal body - Types of diseases Common diseases of animals - Etiology, Important symptoms and control measures of Bacterial diseases, Viral diseases, Metabolic diseases, Parasitic
diseases - Phyto and chemical toxicity in cattle. Control of diseases - Treatment Disinfection - Vaccination - Quarantine - Disposal of dead animals
Swine Husbandry
Advantages and disadvantages of pig farming . Housing requirements of swine - general guidelines of housing - space requirements for housing piglets, boar, sow, breeding animals Age wise management of pigs (feeding,breeding and management of boar,gilts, sow ,pregnant sows ,farrowing sows and piglets ,growing and finishing pigs)
-Selection criteria for breeding boar.
Introduction to Poultry Husbandry
Poultry related terms- Poultry, broiler, chick, grower, lay er External morphology of chicken
Scientific names of different species of poultry - Chicken, duck, turkey, quail Trends in poultry Industry- Current scenario of poultry industry in Kerala and India - Merits and demerits of poultry rearing
Feeds and feeding of poultry
BIS standards for poultry feeds - BIS standards of crude protein and metabolisable energy for broiler and layer chicken feeds Poultry feed ingredients - Common ingredients used for the formulation of poultry feed Feeding systems - Adlibitum feeding - Restricted feeding - Mash feeding Pelleted feeding - Phase feeding Feed efficiency and feed additives - Definitions - Feed efficiency in layers and broilers
Feed additives : Nutritive and non nutritive Feeders and waterers - Different types of feeders and waterers Feed requirement for chicken - Average requirement of total feed for chicks,
growers, layers and broilers
Management of chicken
Management of chicks - Brooding – types of brooding, brooder set up,Brooder
management, debeaking, dubbing and sexing of chicks Management of growers- Space requirement and general management Management of layers – Summer management-Factors influencing egg production - Culling of layer birds (differentiating good and poor layers), Standards of egg production, Managemental practices for producing good quality eggs .
Management of breeders - Mating methods, Artificial insemination in chicken Trap nesting Management of broilers - General guidelines for broiler management.
Nutrient requirements
Selection of eggs and Hatchery management
Structure of egg - Yolk, Albumen, shell membranes, shell Abnormal eggs - Double yolked egg, an egg within an egg, pale egg, soft shelled egg, blood spot, meat spot Candling and grading of eggs - method of candling and Grade as per quality Selection of hatching eggs- Size, shape, shell quality and internal quality Incubation -Natural incubation, Artificial incubation, Management of incubator,Types of incubator,Parts of incubator, Physical requisites for incubation,Incubation period of various species of poultry Hatchery operations - Collection of eggs, selection , fumigation, candling, setting, transfer, taking out of hatch, identification, sexing, vaccination, dubbing, debeaking, packing and despatch of chicks
Diseases of poultry
Bacterial diseases of chicken - Pasteurellosis - Pullorum disease Viral diseases of chicken - New castle disease (NCD) - Fowl pox - Marek’s disease (MD) - Infectious bursal disease (IBD) - Avian influenza Fungal diseases of chicken – Aspergillosis Protozoan diseases of chicken – Coccidiosis Parasitic diseases - Endoparasites - Round worm infection (Ascaridia galli), Caecal worm infection - Ectoparasites – Lice, mites and ticks infestation
Nutritional deficiency diseases - Rickets - Vitamin A deficiency - Crazy Chick disease - Curled toe paralysis Prevention of diseases - Treatment - Vaccination - Litter management Disinfection- Deworming - Fumigation - Biosecurity measures - Screening
tests- Hatchery management for disease prevention
Rearing of duck, turkey and quail
Husbandry of ducks - Advantages of duck rearing - Housing, feeding and management of ducks –Incubation- Sex differentiation Diseases of ducks and health care - Pasteurellosis -Duck plague - Duck hepatitis Aflatoxicosis Husbandry of Turkey - Housing, feeding and management of Turkey - Sex differentiation. Diseases of turkey and health care - Pasteurellosis - Black head disease Husbandry of quail - Advantages of quail rearing - Housing , feeding and management of quail - Sex differentiation. Diseases of quail and health care Quail enteritis
Milk and milk products
Nutritive value of milk - Water, fat, protein, lactose, ash. BIS standards of milk and milk products - Cow milk, buffalo milk, goat milk, toned milk, double toned milk, ice cream, whole milk powder, table butter, ghee. Preservation of milk - Pasteurization, sterilization, chilling .
Types of milk commercially available - Toned milk, double toned milk, Homogenized milk, Condensed milk Preparation of various types of milk products - Acid Coagulated products-Paneer Concentrated products - Khoa, Gulab jamun - Fermented products -Dahi,Cheese
Fat rich products – Ghee, Cream - Frozen products – Ice cream- Byproducts from
milk - Butter milk, Whey, skim milk
Measures for clean milk production - Sources of contamination and hygienic measures
Adulterants of milk - Starch, Cane sugar, Water –Tests used for detection of adulteration.
PART – II
General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala
Salient Features of Indian Constitution
Salient features of the Constitution - Preamble- Its significance and its place in the interpretation of the Constitution. Fundamental Rights - Directive Principles of State Policy - Relation between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles - Fundamental Duties. Executive - Legislature - Judiciary - Both at Union and State Level. - Other Constitutional Authorities. Centre-State Relations - Legislative - Administrative and Financial. Services under the Union and the States. Emergency Provisions. Amendment Provisions of the Constitution.
Social Welfare Legislations and Programmes
Social Service Legislations like Right to Information Act, Prevention of atrocities against Women & Children, Food Security Act, Environmental Acts etc. and Social Welfare Programmes like Employment Guarantee Programme, Organ and Blood Donation etc.
RENAISSANCE IN KERALA
Towards A New Society
Introduction to English education - various missionary organisations and their functioningfounding of educational institutions, factories.printing press etc.
Efforts To Reform The Society
(A) Socio-Religious reform Movements
SNDP Yogam, Nair Service Society, Yogakshema Sabha, Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangham, Vaala Samudaya Parishkarani Sabha, Samathwa Samajam, Islam Dharma Paripalana Sangham, Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha, Sahodara Prasthanam etc.
(B) Struggles and Social Revolts
Upper cloth revolts.Channar agitation, Vaikom Sathyagraha, Guruvayoor Sathyagraha, Paliyam Sathyagraha. Kuttamkulam Sathyagraha, Temple Entry Proclamation, Temple Entry Act .Malyalee Memorial, Ezhava Memorial etc. Malabar riots, Civil Disobedience Movement, Abstention movement etc
Role Of Press In Renaissance
Malayalee, Swadeshabhimani, Vivekodayam, Mithavadi, Swaraj, Malayala Manorama, Bhashaposhini, Mathnubhoomi, Kerala Kaumudi, Samadarsi, Kesari, AI-Ameen, Prabhatham, Yukthivadi, etc
Awakening Through Literature
Novel, Drama, Poetry, Purogamana Sahithya Prasthanam, Nataka Prashtanam, Library movement etc
Women And Social Change
Parvathi Nenmenimangalam, Arya Pallam, A V Kuttimalu Amma, Lalitha Prabhu.Akkamma Cheriyan, Anna Chandi, Lalithambika Antharjanam and others
Leaders Of Renaissance
Thycaud Ayya Vaikundar, Sree Narayana Guru, Ayyan Kali.Chattampi Swamikal, Brahmananda Sivayogi, Vagbhadananda, Poikayil Yohannan(Kumara Guru) Dr Palpu, Palakkunnath Abraham Malpan, Mampuram Thangal, Sahodaran Ayyappan, Pandit K P Karuppan, Pampadi John Joseph, Mannathu Padmanabhan, V T Bhattathirippad, Vakkom Abdul Khadar Maulavi, Makthi Thangal, Blessed Elias Kuriakose Chaavra, Barrister G P Pillai, TK Madhavan, Moorkoth Kumaran, C. Krishnan, K P Kesava Menon, Dr.Ayyathan Gopalan, C V Kunjuraman, Kuroor Neelakantan Namboothiripad, Velukkutty Arayan, K P Vellon, P K Chathan Master, K Kelappan, P. Krishna Pillai, A K Gopalan, T R Krishnaswami Iyer, C Kesavan. Swami Ananda Theerthan , M C Joseph, Kuttippuzha Krishnapillai and others
Literary Figures
Kodungallur Kunhikkuttan Thampuran, KeralaVarma Valiyakoyi Thampuran, Kandathil Varghese Mappila. Kumaran Asan, Vallathol Narayana Menon, Ulloor S Parameswara Iyer, G Sankara Kurup, Changampuzha Krishna Pillai, Chandu Menon, Vaikom Muhammad Basheer. Kesav Dev, Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai, Ponkunnam Varky, S K Pottakkad and others
NOTE: - It may be noted that apart from the topics detailed above, questions from other topics prescribed for the educational qualification of the post may also appear in the question paper. There is no undertaking that all the topics above may be covered in the question paper
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